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Parsa
Wildlife Reserve
Parsa
Wildlife Reserve was established in 1984 with an area of 499
sq. km.
It occupies part of Chitwan, Makwanpur, Parsa and Bara Districts
in Central Nepal. The reserve headquarter is situated at Adhabar
on the Heatauda-Birgunj highway (22 km.south to Hetauda and
20 km. north to Birgunj).
The
dominant landscape of the reserve, the Churia hills ranging
from 750 m. to 950 m., run east-west. The soil is primarily
composed of gravel and conglomerates making it very susceptible
to erosion. The hills present a very rugged face with numerous
gullies and dry stream beds. As the foothills are very porous,
water flows underground and surfaces at a distance of about
15 km. from the hills, base.
Seasons
:
The
reserve has a subtropical monsoon climate with relatively high
humidity. The main season are winter (October-December), spring
(January-March), summer (April-June) and monsoon (July-September).
Summer days are characteristically hot with average temperatures
ranging form 30o-35o C.
Vegetation
and Wildlife :
The
forest is composed of tropical and subtropical forest types
with sal (Shorea robusta) forest constituting 90% of
the vegetation. In the Churia hills, chir pine (Pinus roxburghii)
grows and along the streams and river khair (Acacia catechu),
sissoo (Dalbergia sissoo) and silk cotton tree (Bombax
ceiba) occur. Sabai grass (Enlaliopsis binata), a
commercially important grass species, grows well on the southern
face of the Churia hills.
The
reserve supports a good population of resident wild elephant
(Elephas maxinuts), tiger (Panthera tigris), leopard
(Panthera pardus), sloth bear (Melursus ursinnus)
garu (Bos gaurus), blue bull (Boselaphus tragocamelus),
and wild dog (Cuon alpinus). Other common animals are
sambar (Cervus unicolor), chital (Zxis asis),
hog deer (Axis porcinus), barking deer (Muntiacus
muntjac), languor (Presbytes entellus), rhesus macaques,
striped hyena (Hyena hyena), ratel, palm civet, and jungle
cat.
There
are nearly 300 species of birds in the reserve. Giant hornbill,
one of the endangered species, is found in certain forest patches.
Peafowl, red jungle fowl, flycatchers, and woodpeckers are a
few of the other common birds found in the reserve.
Many
kinds of snake like king cobra, common cobra, krait, rat snake,
and python are found in the reserve due to the hot tropical
climate.
How
to Get There :
The
reserve is accessible by bus via the Kathmandu. Birgunj highway
or the Mahendra Rajmarg highway. The reserve headquarters is
an 8 hour drive from Kathmandu. Simara airport is 7 km away
from the reserve headquarters. It take only 15 minutes of reach
Simara form Kathmandu by plane.
Places
of Interest :
Kailash
(Bhata)--a religious place and scenic viewing spot on a hilltop
is 29 km. away from Adhabar (the Reserve head quarter )
Regulations
and Fees :
- (
RESERVE FEES ) , ( FOREIGNERS ), ( NEPALI )
- (
Entrance Fee ) , ( Rs. 650.00 ) , ( Rs.10.00 )
- (
Camping Fee per night per person ) , ( Rs.300.00 ) , (Rs.20.00
)
- (Vehicle
Fee ) , (Rs.100.00) , (Rs.100.00)
- (
Elephant ride per hour per person ) , ( Rs. 650.00 ) , (Rs.100.00
)
- Children
below 10 yrs. free entrance.
- Flora
and fauna of the reserve are fully protected and must not
be disturbed.
- Rubbish
must be buried or disposed of in a designated place.
- Movement
within the reserve is prohibited before sunrise and after
sunset.
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